Which of the following is a common method for disinfection?

Applying chemical solutions is a widely recognized method for disinfection because it effectively kills or inactivates harmful microorganisms on surfaces and tools. This method involves the use of specific chemical agents designed to destroy bacteria, viruses, and fungi, ensuring that tools and surfaces are safe for use. Different chemical disinfectants, such as bleach solutions, alcohols, or quaternary ammonium compounds, have been extensively studied and proven to be effective when used according to manufacturer instructions.

Soaking in water is not an effective disinfection method, as it typically does not achieve the necessary temperatures or chemical concentrations required to eliminate pathogens. Using ultraviolet light can assist in disinfection by destroying DNA in microorganisms, but it is not as commonly practiced in everyday esthetics settings compared to chemical solutions. Air drying alone does not provide any disinfection benefits, as it simply allows moisture to evaporate without actively killing pathogens.